Glossary of Vegetables - Indian Names
 

Indian breads | Pickles and jams | Puddings | Raitas | Salads | Sandwiches |
 Snacks | Soups | South Indian dishes | Spices | Vegetables | Others

Indian Breads - Nans & Rotis

·         A good thing about most rotis is that you can half roast and pile them and do the final roast just before serving

·         Puri may be rolled and place between well-rinsed wet muslin cloth at least an hour ahead. Fry before serving.

·         Store leftover dough and filling in freezer (properly packed) to make fresh parathas when required. Take care to thaw the ingredients before using.

·         Leftover parathas eaten cold with hot tea tastes good.

·         To keep chappatis warm longer, cover the pile with two piece of clean cloth above and below in a tight steel container. Leave on a griddle that has been warmed first.

·         Use the water drained from curdled milk to knead chappati dough. They will turn out softer and whiter.

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 Pickles & Jams

·         Always use glass, porcelain or china jars for picklings. Make sure the lids can be secured tightly.

·         Never use wet spoons, ladles etc. to remove or handle pickle. Moistures pave way for rotting.

·         Always press back remaining pickle with a rubber spatula or spoon back making sure under the pickle is fully submerged the oil layer.

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 Puddings

·         Always sprinkle gelatin over the water. Never put in dry pan, then add water and heat. Never boil gelatin. Only warm to dissolve. Safest is to heat the container over a hot griddle (tawa). Stir always.

·         While whipping cream never overdo it or butter will form. Always whip over a tray of iced water or ice cubes. Whip in sharp upward strokes till soft peaks form. Keep in refrigerator till used.

·         You can top with any sauce of your choice, if you like while serving or accompany it. Ideal sauces may be chocolate, custard, orange, grape, caramel or just basic colored sauce.

·         M&Ms, glazed cherries, whipped cream, crumbled biscuits, dry fruits used inside, colored sugar etc. make excellent decorations for party puddings.

·         Day old bread slices can be substituted for cake if cake is not available at hand.

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 Raita

·         Throw in a handful of soaked beans or sprouts to give the added nourishment, as a combination in any raita.

·         To make creamier raitas, add half a cup of fresh cream to one recipe of raita. Makes the dish much more rich, though.

·         If yogurts have become too sour to eat as is, tie for 3-4 hours, add milk and use in raitas, yogurt rice, etc.

·         If an onion is too sharp in taste, wash, drain and toss into some beaten yogurt. Add a dash of salt and pepper, it becomes a tasty raita.

·         Save the peel of apples, cucumbers and peaches. Grind them and add to the ingredients of a green chutney (coriander leaves, green chilies, ginger, coconut, salt and sugar). It makes a tasty and nutritious chutney and when mixed with yogurt makes an unusual raita.

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 Salads

·         Any salad tastes better and crisp if the vegetables have been soaked in chilled water for a while.

·         A little lime juice added to beetroot will make them a brilliant red color.

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 Sandwhich

·         Simple sandwiches can be turned to attractive eats by decorating with simple things like shredded cabbage, tomato slices, carrot juliennes, thinly chopped salad leaves etc.

·         If bread is too dry to make good sandwiches, just hold the bread in the steam over a pan of boiling water for a few seconds.

·         Spicy green chutneys, salsa dips, yogurt dips, etc. make very tasty in between for sandwiches. A change from the same old bread and jam.

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 Snacks

·         Add a handful of rice flour to bhajia batter for crisper and less oily bhajias.

·         Drain and keep any extra channa dal aside after cooking. Chill and then add chopped onions, chutneys, coriander, salt, chopped cucumber and tomatoes. Serve chilled as bhel with cups of steaming hot tea.

·         If batter of any bhajias tends to become too thin, wet a slice or two of bread, press out all excess water, and mash it into the batter. This will help greatly in thickening the batter.

·         Paneer crumbs, bread crumbs and some melted butter, tossed together form an excellent topping if you run short of cheese, for any baked dishes.

·         Use tissue papers for reheating fried snacks. Eg. samosa, vada, kachori, bhajji, etc. The paper will absorb the excess oil and moisture and keep the snack crisp. Reheat on high for 1-1 1/2 minute.

·         Always use the back of a perforated spoon to make the frying puris puff up. Use the non-puffed ones to make chaat, bhel, etc.

·         To pep leftover farsan, which is not getting over, add finely chopped onions, coriander, green chilli and salt, lemon juice, chaat masala. Toss and serve with afternoon tea as a spicy munchies.

·         Always use a clean pair of kitchen scissors to trim edges of bread. Much neater and less messy edges as compared to those trimmed with a knife.

·         Always keep a couple of boiled potatoes (skins intact) handy in the fridge. They are very useful when in a hurry. Either bake them, or make a quick curry, or fry them. Eat them in a sandwich, or just plain with salt and pepper. Stir fry and add spices or make a quick paratha.

·         Use a pizza cutter to cut rounds into strips for fried noodles, instead of a knife. It is faster and less messy.

·         For a quick chaat, fry leftover pieces of bread in ghee till crisp. Arrange the pieces in a plate. Pour yogurts, salt, red chilli and cumin powders, coriander leaves and green chilies on them. Top with tamarind and jaggery chutney.

·         To make whiter and crisper potato wafers add some alum crystals and salt to the water in which you drop the wafers for soaking.

·         To make samosas crisper add some corn flour to the all purpose flour for dough.

·         Use cornflakes as a substitute for sev or papdis. It is available everywhere and give the same crunchiness to a dish, eg. bhel.

·         If garlic bread is not available, crush a few cloves of garlic to a fine paste, cream it well into some butter. Spread this on slices of bread and toast it. Serve with piping hot soup.

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 Soups

·         Always add cornflower to any recipe by first making a thin paste in cold water. Cornflower is an excellent thickening agent to add body to any soup. If not available all-purpose flour can also be used, similarly. Only the transparency of clear soups will not be there.

·         Never over-boil soups as they lose their color and body.

·         Do not throw away the green tender stalks of cauliflower base. Chop fine and use in soups like other vegetables. You will be adding fiber to your soup.

·         Dehydrate leftover rice in an oven or sundry, till brittle. Puff up some by deep-frying as required; add to soups as rice crispies.

·         Toast a few slices of bread till crisp. Grind into fine breadcrumbs. Store in a tight glass jar. Use as a handy thickener for gravies, soups, etc., if they feel too watery.

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 South Indian Dishes

·         Use thick short grained rice for dosa and idli batter where ordinary rice is asked for. This will give a netter texture than using long grained basmati rice.

·         If the idli sagoo tends to get too watery, add a tbsp. of fine breadcrumbs or 1 tsp. corn flour mixed in 1/4 cup water. Stir well till gravy thickens.

·         Excess batter may be stored in the fridge for 2-3 days without turning sour. Do not add salt to that batter beforehand, and cover with a plantain leaf. Add salt and mix a few hours before using.

·         Never beat idli batter too much just before spooning into moulds. Just spoon as is. The air already incorporated while rising is lost and idlis may not be as soft as they should be.

·         Grate excess fresh coconut, fill in clean freezer bags, and freeze. After thawing for use, wash with water 2-3 times, for coconut as good as fresh.

·         Add a cupful of soaked poha to 5 cupfuls of rice soaked for idlis and grind with the rice for softer and lighter idlis.

·         To break open the coconuts easily (the brown ones..), place them in the refrigerator for 30-60 minutes. This would separate the shell easily

·         If your griddle is large enough make many teeny weeny dosas instead of one big one. Top them with a bit of chutney and sandwich them.

·         Make dosas a little less crisp. Roll in any desired filling. Add chutney or jam if desired. Make very tasty rolls.

·         For those who do not care for a spicy taste, you can sprinkle some grated cheese on the dosa while shallow frying. Eat with sauce instead of chutney. This will suit the taste of those who are used to bland foods.

·         Dehydrate the residue of coconut used for coconut milk by drying the sun. This dried flaked coconut can be used in dry chutneys, sweets, masalas, etc.

·         Add a few drops of lemon juice and 1/2 tsp. ghee while steaming long grain rice (basmati) to make the it whiter and keep the grain unbroken.

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 Spices

·         Add a tiny piece of crushed ginger to tea, while boiling, for the extra zing especially during the winter.

·         Warm garlic flakes a little either in a microwave or on griddle before peeling, to make the skin come off easily.

·         Sprinkle salt in tamarind before storing, to keep away the worms. Dry well in sun till a little stiff, cool indoors for few hours and then add salt. 1 fistful to a kilogram of tamarind. Store in airtight plastic or glass container.

·         Roast cumin seeds on a warm griddle before dry grinding. They will give a better flavor and grind faster.

·         To keep salt from becoming lumpy in moist climate, add a dash of rice flour to it. Add a few rice grains in the saltshaker.

·         Microwave fresh mint till dry and crisp. Crush coarsely; mix some salt and chili powder and chaat masala. Sprinkle over freshly fried papads for that extra tang.

·         Quickest way to extract pure ginger juice, is to either pound or grate fresh ginger, sprinkle a wee bit of water, and put in a clean muslin cloth. Press out juice with thumb and fingers till only fibre remains.

·         If dried herbs are used in a recipe, crush them first to release their fragrance.

·         Adding a little dry rice to sugar while grinding it, will keep it from becoming lumpy.

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 Vegetables

·         Always mash potatoes when they are still quite hot. They mash more easily and can be finely mashed too.

·         To clean the surface of vegetables like potato, radish, sweet potato, carrots, etc. use a separate plastic scrubber or toothbrush kept for the purpose. Hold under running water and scrub.

·         When very finely chopped greens or chilies etc. are required in a recipe, use a pair of sharp Scissors instead of a knife. The job will be made faster, more efficient and safe to cut.

·         Add a few tsp of milk to cauliflower while boiling to rid it of the raw smell. Drain and wash before adding to the recipe.

·         Always hold fresh vegetables under running water for a minute, after boiling and draining, to enhance their color, eg. carrots, greens, peas, etc. Hold in a colander or strainer so that the water passes through.

·         Add a pinch of baking soda to green vegetables while steaming or boiling or cooking in the microwave to retain the fresh green color.

·         For use of green like sarson ki bhaji out of season, microwave to dehydrate till crisp. Soak in hot water for half an hour, before proceeding as for fresh bhaji.

·         Store chopped vegetables in airtight plastic containers in the fridge to keep from browning and drying up.

·         Add some salt or vinegar drops while washing vegetables and greens to make them clean and germ free, eg. Cauliflower, spinach, etc.

·         Place tomatoes in hot water for 5-7 minutes, before using for easier peeling and better taste in any recipe where tomatoes are required to be cooked.

·         Add a pinch of turmeric powder to the oil before adding green vegetables. The vegetables will retain their greenness better even after cooking.

·         Blanch green leafy vegetables (fenugreek, spinach, etc.) in boiling water for 2 minutes. Hold under cold running water, press out excess water, store in freezer for about 2 weeks without spoiling.

·         If there is a lot of leftover paneer crumbs, dry in a warm oven. Fry till crisp and store in the fridge. Soften in boiling water, drain and add to thicken gravies of any vegetables and curries.

·         Wrap potatoes etc. which you may want to bake in the coals, in foil, to retain moisture and also to avoid becoming sooty black.

·         To bake potatoes crisp and brown, soak the peeled potatoes in hot water for a while, pat dry and pierce all over with a fork before placing them in hot fat along with the roast.

·         Always soak cauliflower in warm salted water for some time to get rid of the tiny insects sometimes present deep inside the florets and not visible to the eye.

·         Use chili oil instead of the ordinary oil, if you want to make the dish spicier.

·         If you happen to put excess salt in the curry, cut a raw potato into about 10 pieces and drop them into the curry & leave for 15 min. They will absorb the excess salt. Remove the pieces before serving.

·         To make thick gravy for mutton, chicken or vegetables, grate the onions, squeeze out their juice and brown the onions and the masala. Add the juice as stock, after the onions are brown. The onion flavor is not lost and you don't have to add water to make the gravy.

·         Add a few methi (fenugreek) seeds to toor dal while pressure-cooking. This makes the dal easier to digest.

·         Use a steel knife instead of iron to cut eggplants, plantains, ladies-fingers and mangoes to avoid blackening.

·         Pressure cook lots of tomatoes, with adding water to them. Make puree in blender. Strain, cool, freeze in ice trays. When set, remove and fill in freezer polybags. Use cubes as required in recipes.

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 Others

·         Grease the grated on both sides with oil before grating sticky items like cheese or boiled potatoes, to allow for smoother grating.

·         Always hold silver foil with edges, invert over the dish. Never attempt to hold with hand. It will stick to the fingers. If small bits are required, cut folded in paper and then apply as above. Smoothen out with the paper itself.

·         Place a tsp. of baking soda in a corner of the fridge in a small crucible. This will keep smells of foods in the fridge from permeating each other.

·         To allow free flow of sauce from a sauce bottle to a pourer, insert a drinking straw half way, into the bottle and hold it there lightly with one hand while pouring with the other.

·         To prevent molding of papads during monsoons, slip in a piece of blotting paper under the papads in the container.

·         To keep coriander and other leafy greens fresh longer, wrap in newspaper and place in a perforated container in the fridge.

·         Insert a hairpin into grapes to deseed them without cutting.

·         If the milk begins to boil over, quickly sprinkle a little cold water over it and the overflow will subside.

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